EUR jumps on Spanish news, but Greek risks ahead

June 11, 2012 — Mitul Kotecha

Spain’s request for a EUR 100 billion bailout for its banks has significantly shifted the bias for markets this week, with risk assets buoyed and safe haven assets pressured. The fact that Spain will receive a bailout ‘light’ in terms of the conditions of the loan, will also have come as good news as the stringent measures associated with bailouts of Greece, Portugal and Ireland, will be avoided. Taken together with mixed (but less bad than feared) Chinese data over the weekend, the scene is set for markets to rally early in the week.

However, plenty of event risk remains, not least of which is the outcome of Greek elections at the weekend and results of French parliamentary elections today, which could easily reverse the positive mood of markets.

The USD has continued to head lower a trend that has been established since the end of May, with its drop set to accelerate at the start of the week following news of Spain’s banking bailout and the subsequent bounce in risk assets.

Although Fed Chairman Bernanke provided some relief for the USD last week by not indicating a desire to embark on fresh quantitative easing, the reality is that US data has been disappointing of late, keeping the door open to such action, restaining the USD.

More damaging to the USD is the bounce in risk appetite even before the Spanish news. Softer US data this expected week including likely sluggish May retail sales, a small increase in industrial production and lower manufacturing and consumer confidence surveys, will keep the debate on QE firmly open, leaving the USD struggling in the days ahead.

EUR/USD lurched higher following Spain banking bailout request. However, the sum of EUR 100 billion is far higher than the EUR 40 billion anticipated and could add around 20% to Spain’s sovereign debt. While the size of the package is significant it is also worrying, a fact that could come back and haunt the EUR.

Undoubtedly the upside in EUR is being helped by the fact that speculative positioning reached a fresh record low last week (according to the CFTC IMM data) leaving plenty of scope for short covering. In the near term EUR/USD will remain buoyed but any gains will be restricted to technical resistance around the EUR/USD 1.2690 level where sellers will emerge, especially given uncertainty surrounding the outcome of Greek elections.

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US dollar could stall as QE hopes rise

June 4, 2012 — Mitul Kotecha

Growth concerns are increasingly accompanying Eurozone tensions as major weights on market sentiment. US jobs data at the end of last week which revealed a disappointing 69k increase May payrolls added to other data including weaker than expected Chinese purchasing managers index (PMI) and even more disappointing Eurozone data highlighting intensifying downside risks to economic activity.

Combined with the lack of traction towards solutions to the Eurozone crisis it has led to an acceleration in the demand for safe haven assets. The weak US data has also reopened the debate about more US quantitative easing, with Fed Chairman Bernanke’s congressional testimony on the economic outlook on Thursday likely to garner plenty of attention.

Another central bank under pressure to act is the European Central Bank (ECB) but action such as restarting its Securities Market Purchases program and/or a third Long Term LTRO are unlikely to take place at least until after the Greek election on June 17 if at all. Until then investors will have to put up with more procrastination, prevarication and inaction from policy makers in Europe as the ECB continues its game of chess with European politicians.

Other central banks in focus this week include the Reserve Bank of India (RBA) and Bank of England (BoE) but while the ECB may still cut policy interest rates this week it is not obvious that the other central banks will follow suit despite growing pressure for easier policy. Against this background risk measures will remain highly elevated while core bond yields will remain suppressed and the USD will remain on the front foot.

The weaker than forecast US May jobs report has really set the cat among the pigeons. The prospects of more Fed quantitative easing is firmly back on the table and while Fed Chairman Bernanke is unlikely to countenance such action in his testimony this week, the market will still speculate on this option. Consequently the USDs one way bet is not longer so clear cut despite the elevated level of risk aversion providing some support for the currency.

Ahead of Bernanke’s testimony on Thursday the USD will struggle to make too much headway leaving the currency to consolidate its gains in the short term. Other US data releases this week are inconsequential for FX markets although the Fed’s Beige Book will be watched for clues ahead of the Fed’s 19-20 June FOMC meeting.

EUR/USD is well off its lows and will consolidate ahead of Thursday’s ECB meeting. Event risk is high and various rumours have resulted in a cautious tone for EUR bears. Talk of a ‘secret master plan’ consisting of structural reforms, banking union, fiscal union and political union to save the EUR as well as of the ECB buying sovereign bonds will keep markets wary of aggressively selling EUR from current levels. Attention is centred on Spain and its banking sector and debate about the country is next in line for a bailout.

Worries about Spain and of course the outcome of Greek elections on June 17 will limit any bounce in the EUR. Nonetheless, speculative positioning in EUR/USD reached another all time low in the latest week according to the CFTC IMM data, suggesting that scope for short covering is growing. EUR/USD will find technical support around its 2012 low around 1.2287 while upside potential will be restricted to resistance around 1.2505.

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GBP vulnerable, AUD downside limited

May 22, 2012 — Mitul Kotecha

Finally after weeks of selling, risk assets perked up helped by China’s pledge to focus more on supporting growth and signs of cooperation between Germany and France, as leaders of both countries agreed to do ‘everything necessary’ to ensure Greece stays in the Eurozone.

Just what this will entail is not clear but reports suggest that European officials are formulating plans ahead of the EU Summit on Wednesday. Markets are by no means out of the woods and much uncertainty will remain ahead of Greece’s election in just less than a month.

GBP has dropped both against the USD and EUR. The currency has not been helped by some dovish tones from Bank of England MPC member Posen who last week suggested that his decision to withdraw his vote for more quantitative easing may have been ‘premature’. The renewed spectre of more QE will likely weigh on GBP over coming weeks.

The fact that the market has got itself very long GBP may also have contributed to some profit taking as some caution in being excessively long GBP sets in. UK inflation data today will likely play negatively for GBP too given the sharp slowdown expected to be registered in the April CPI inflation data.

My quantitative model for EUR/GBP reflects the potential risks to GBP over coming days, with the model output suggesting further downside risks to GBP. Technical resistance will likely be seen around the 0.8198 level.

AUD’s slide has been pretty dramatic over recent weeks. Despite a bounce overnight the currency has lost close to 9% of its value against the USD since the beginning of March, weighed down by rising risk aversion and China growth worries.

My quantitative model has been persistently calling for a drop in the AUD (a fact that I have highlighted previously). Interestingly the model now shows that the gap between the current level of AUD/USD and its short term ‘fair value’ estimate has almost closed, suggesting that the downside for the currency will be limited to around the 0.96-0.97 region.

The only caveat is that a stark deterioration in risk appetite from current levels would result in a sharper fall but for now we believe that a lot of the expected downward correction in the currency has already occurred. While I would not go and rush out to buy AUD just yet, taking a short position looks much less attractive.

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JPY pullback risks, GBP to slip versus USD

March 27, 2012 — Mitul Kotecha

A combination of market friendly comments by Fed Chairman Bernanke, a better than expected outcome for the German IFO business confidence survey in March and hopes of a bolstering of the Eurozone bailout fund, have managed to lift risk assets while pressuring the USD. Markets appear to have shaken off, at least for now, growth worries emanating from weaker manufacturing confidence surveys in China and Europe last week.

Nonetheless, while Bernanke maintained that accommodative monetary policy is still required especially given concerns about the jobs market, he did not hint at more quantitative easing, suggesting that market optimism may be tempered in the days ahead. Data and events today include US and French consumer confidence as well as bill auctions in Spain and Italy. US consumer confidence is likely to slip slightly while the bill auctions are likely to be well received.

While I remain bearish on the JPY in the medium term (beyond 1 month), over the near term I believe there is scope for a pull back. The move in USD/JPY has gone beyond what would be expected by the shift in relative yields. This is corroborated by my short term quantitative model which shows that USD/JPY should be trading around 80.

The speculative market is positioned for JPY weakness but also points to some scope for short covering; both CFTC IMM data and Japanese TFX data (a gauge of local margin trading positioning) reveal significant short JPY positions. If as I expect, USD/JPY does pull back it will offer better levels for investors to initiate medium term JPY bearish trades.

Ultimately the JPY will regain its attraction as a funding currency for carry trades and the bigger the shift in relative yield with the US, the more the potential for capital outflows from Japan into higher yielding assets.

GBP has failed to sustain gains above 1.59 against the USD over recent weeks let alone manage to test the psychologically important 1.60 level. The current bounce above 1.59 is unlikely to last. It will require a renewed downtrend in the USD in general provoked by a sharp improvement in risk appetite and/or a drop in US bond yields for GBP to move much higher. Neither seems likely.

Indeed, GBP will be vulnerable to a general firmer USD over the remainder of the year. While I would not suggest playing a bullish call on GBP versus the USD I think there is much more juice in holding GBP versus EUR, with downside risks to this currency pair likely to open up. Indeed, my quantitative models reveal that GBP is mispriced against both EUR and AUD.

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Limbo ahead of Fed FOMC meeting

March 13, 2012 — Mitul Kotecha

A mixed session overnight leaves markets with little direction ahead of the Bank of Japan and Federal Reserve FOMC meetings today. There was no stimulus for markets from the meeting of European officials yesterday while Greece’s debt swap has failed to boost confidence.

Overall there is a real hesitancy for investors to take positions, with both volumes and volatility remaining very low. For instance the VIX volatility gauge has dropped to its lowest level since May 2011 while my measure of composite FX volatility continues to languish at relatively low levels compared to last year.

The USD has little to fear from the Fed FOMC meeting tonight. If anything it may even benefit from a less downbeat statement from Fed Chairman Bernanke following the meeting. Growing speculation that the Fed will embark on some form of sterilised quantitative easing, i.e. not printing any more money, bodes well for the USD too.

Ahead of the FOMC decision a firm February retail sales report will help add to the plethora of evidence revealing stronger signs of US recovery. A key indicator to watch in this respect is the (National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB) report of small business confidence which should also strengthen. Importantly for the USD the data should also help to maintain pressure on US bonds, keeping yields elevated and in turn the USD supported.

The BoJ meeting today will not deliver any surprises, an outcome that will likely leave the JPY largely unmoved. Speculative sentiment for the JPY has shifted negatively as reflected in the latest CFTC IMM report which reveals the biggest short position in the currency since April last year.

Crucial in pushing the JPY weaker has been the widening in bond yield differentials with the US, thanks largely to a rise in US bond yields. The 2-year yield gap is now around 20 basis points, the highest gap since August 2011. This will help to keep USD/JPY supported but my quantitative models suggest that the upmove may be overdone in the short term, with a correction lower in prospect to technical support around 81.44.

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